CS610 Current Final Term Papers Fall 2011

CS610 Current Final Term Papers
Fall 2011
Write a note on IPV6 Addressing.                   (5 Marks)
Answer:- rep12
What are the characteristics of UDP                    (5 Marks)
Answer:- (Page 120)
• It is an end-to-end protocol. It provides application-to-application communication.
• It provides connectionless service.
• It is a Message-Oriented protocol.
• It uses best-effort delivery service.
• It follows arbitrary interaction.
• It is operating system independent
What are multicast routing protocols? Give names of 5 of them.                       (5 Marks)
Answer:- (Page 145)
Several multicast protocols exist. Some of the proposed protocols are:
 DISTANCE VECTOR MULTICAST ROUTING PROTOCOL (DVMRP):
 CORE BASED TREES (CBT):
 PROTOCOL INDEPENDENT MULTICAST_ SPARSE MODE (PIM-SM):
 PROTOCOL INDEPENDENT MULTICAST _ DENSE MODE (PIM-DM):
 MULTICAST EXTENSIONS TO THE OPEN SHORTEST PATH FIRST PROTOCOL (MOSPF):
 CLIENT-SERVER INTERACTION:
CS610 Current Final Term Papers
Fall 2011
Distance Vector Routing            (2 Marks)
Answer:- (Page 63)
Local information is next hop routing table and distance from each switch. The switches periodically broadcast
topology information i.e. destination, distance. Other switches update routing table based on received
information.
what stand for MTU, define            (2 Marks)
Answer:- (Page 107)
Every hardware technology specification includes the definition of the maximum size of the frame data area,
which is called the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU).
why the Internet Multicast Routing is difficult           (2 Marks)
Answer:- (Page 142)
Internet multicast routing is difficult because internet multicast allows arbitrary computer to join multicast
group at any time. It allows arbitrary member to leave multicast group at any time.13
What the basic function of Twice NAT?           (2 Marks)
Answer:- (Page 131)
Twice NAT is another variant of NAT. it is used with site that runs server. In this process NAT box is
connected to Domain Name.
Difference between Static and Dynamic Routing            (3 Marks)
Answer:- (Page 133)
STATIC ROUTING:
It is one of the forms of Internet routing. In Static routing, the table is initialized when system boots and there is
no further changes.
DYNAMIC ROUTING:
In dynamic routing the table is initialized when system boots. It includes routing software which learns routes
and updates table. In this way continuous changes are possible due to routing software.
How a receiver know that incoming data is datagram or other            (3 Marks)
Answer:- rep
what is data stuffing            (3 Marks)
Answer:- (Page 17)
In general to distinguish between data being sent and control information such as frame delimiters network
systems arrange for the sending side to change the data slightly before it is sent because systems usually insert
data or bytes to change data for transmission, the technique is known as Data Stuffing.
Message Oriented in UDP            (5 Marks)
Answer:- (Page 120)
UDP offers application programs a Message-Oriented Interface. It does not divide messages into packets for
transmission and does not combine messages for delivery.
Let’s discuss its advantages and disadvantages.
ADVANTAGES:
• Applications can depend on protocol to preserve data boundaries.
DISADVANTAGES:
• Each UDP message must fit into a single IP datagram.
• It can result to an inefficient use of the underlying network.14
CS610 Current Final Term Papers
Fall 2011
There are so many multicast protocol, Name only five one of those?           (5 Marks)
Answer:- rep
What is Base Header in IPv6?           (5 Marks)
Answer:- (Page 112)
Base header is fixed size i.e. 40 octets. NEXT HEADER field in the base header defines type of header and it
appears at end of fixed-size base header. Some extension headers are variable sized. NEXT HEADER field in
extension header defines type.
What is simple duplex and full duplex?           (2 Marks)
Answer:- (Page 76)
Some connection-oriented technologies provide full duplex while other allow on simplex connection. To
communicate using a simplex design a pair of computers must establish two connections one from computer A
to computer B and another from computer B to A.
What is means by "It provides facilities for Transit Routing."?           (2 Marks)
Answer:-   Click here for Detail
Facilities For Transit Routing
classifies each AS as a transit system if it agrees to pass traffic through, or as a stub system if it does not BGP
allows a corporation to classify itself as a stub even if it is multi-homed (refuse to accept transit traffic)
Does OSPF support for multi access network?           (2 Marks)
Answer:- (Page 140)
Yes, OSPF supports for multi access network.
What is difference in NIC and CPU Processing?           (3 Marks)
Answer:- (Page 40)
NIC contains sufficient hardware to process data independent of system CPU. In which some NICs contain
separate microprocessor. In addition to this it also include analog circuitry interface to system bus, buffering
and processing.
What is Extension Header in Ipv6?           (3 Marks)
Answer:- (Page 111)
Additional information is stored in optional extension headers, followed by data.
How long TCP Should wait before retransmitting?           (3 Marks)
Answer:- (Page 125)
The time for acknowledgement to arrive depends on:
• Distance to destination
• Current traffic conditions15
Multiple connections can be opened simultaneously. Traffic conditions change rapidly.
What is congestion control, How TCP Segment format is done?           (3 Marks)
Answer: (Page 128)
Congestion control
The goal of congestion control is to avoid adding retransmissions to an already congested network. Reducing
the window size quickly in response to the lost messages does it. It is assumed that loss is due to congestion.
TCP Segment format
TCP uses single format for all messages. TCP uses the term segment to refer to a message. Each message sent
from TCP on one machine to TCP on another machine uses this format including data and acknowledgement.
CS610 Current Final Term Papers
Fall 2011
Question no. 31           (2 Marks)
Find the class in 00000001.001011.1001.111
Answer:  (Page 87)
Class A
Question no. 32            (2 Marks)
What is the difference between unicast and multicast?
Answer:-  (Page 114)
Unicast is used for single destination computer while multicast is used for multiple destinations
Question no. 33            (2 Marks)
What is the basic concept of Twice NAT (Network Address Translation)?
Answer:-  rep
Question no. 34            (2 Marks)
What is the role of DMA in NIC?
Answer:-  (Page 34)
It may use DMA to copy frame data directly from main memory and copy data directly into main memory.
Question no. 35            (2 Marks)
What is the function of Hope count matrix in routing information protocol?
Answer:-  Click here for detail
RIP uses a hop count metric to measure the distance to a destination16
Question no. 36 (Marks2)
What is the scale or level of requirement in of IPv6?
Answer:- (Page 110)
Scale is also dramatically changed. Size from a few tens to a few tens of millions of computers has been
revolutionized. Speed has increased from 56Kbps to 1Gbps. Also there is an increased frame size in hardware.
Question No: 37            (3 Marks)
Change the following into equivalent binary
154.31.161.13
202.32.15.7
192.168.1.5
154.31.161.13
Answer:
Binary: 10011010 00011111 10100001 00001101
202.32.15.7
Answer:
Binary: 11001010 00100000 00001111 00000111
192.168.1.5
Answer:
Binary: 11000000 10101000 00000001 00000101
Question No: 38            (3 Marks)
What is the meaning of Facilities for Transit Routing as a characteristic of the Border Gateway
Protocol?
Answer:-   Click here for Detail
Facilities For Transit Routing
classifies each AS as a transit system if it agrees to pass traffic through, or as a stub system if it does not BGP
allows a corporation to classify itself as a stub even if it is multi-homed (refuse to accept transit traffic)
Question No: 39            (3 Marks)
In internet routing how does a host join or leave a group?
Answer:- rep
Question No: 40            (3 Marks)
Name the six services provided by TCP
Answer:- (Page 123)
Following are the services provided by TCP:
• Connection-oriented service
• Point-to-point
• Complete reliability17
• Full-duplex communication
• Stream interface
• Reliable connection startup
• Graceful connection shutdown
Question No: 41            (3 Marks)
In internet routing how does a host join or leave a group?
Answer:- rep
Question No: 42            (3 Marks)
What are the distance limitations in Fiber Optic?
Answer: Page 48
Optical fiber can extend across several kilometers because delays on optical fiber are very low and bandwidth is
very high.
Question No: 43            (5 Marks)
What are the three approaches for datagram forwarding?
Answer:- (Page 143)
FLOOD-AND-PRUNE
CONFIGURATION-AND-TUNNELING
CORE-BASED DISCOVERY
Question No: 45            (5 Marks)
Write down the comparison of Distance- vector and Link – state algorithm?
Answer: Page 64
COMPARISON:
DISTANCE-VECTOR ROUTING:
• It is very simple to implement.
• Packet switch updates its own routing table first.
• It is used in RIP.
LINK-STATE ALGORITHM:
• It is much more complex.
• Switches perform independent computations.
• It is used in OSPF.